How is traffic congestion measured?
Traffic: Congestion
Traffic congestion is expressed in terms of level of service (LOS) as defined by the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). In addition to traffic volume, LOS is affected by conditions like number of access points, lane width, number of lanes, and percentage of large vehicles. The conditions defining LOS are: 

LOS A
Represents the best operating conditions and is considered free flow. Individual users are virtually unaffected by the presence of others in the traffic stream. 

LOS B
Represents reasonably free-flowing conditions but with some influence by others. 

LOS C
Represents a constrained constant flow below speed limits, with additional attention required by drivers to maintain safe operations. Comfort levels of the driver decline noticeably. 

LOS D
Represents traffic operations approaching unstable flow with high passing demand and passing capacity near zero, characterized by drivers being severely restricted in maneuverability. 

LOS E
Represents unstable flow near capacity. LOS E often quickly changes to LOS F because of disturbances (road conditions, accidents, etc.) in traffic flow. 

LOS F
Represents the worst conditions with heavily congested flow and traffic demand exceeding capacity, characterized by stop-and-go waves, poor travel time, low comfort and convenience, and increased accident exposure. 
Created on Aug.  4, 2002 at  6:28 PM (PDT). Last updated by CityEngineer on May  4, 2010 at  9:58 AM (PDT). Owned by cmcmahon@ci.cypress.ca.us.
Catherine McMahon
Public Works Director
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